Persepsi Risiko dan Dukungan Pariwisata Penduduk Kota Sabang

Authors

  • Munandar Munandar Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis Universitas Malikussaleh
  • Chalirafi Chalirafi Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis Universitas Malikussaleh
  • Naufal Bachri Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis Universitas Malikussaleh
  • Muhammad Yusuf Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis Universitas Malikussaleh
  • Juliana Juliana Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis Universitas Malikussaleh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29103/e-mabis.v24i1.844

Keywords:

Persepsi Risiko, Persepsi Manfaat, Persepsi Biaya, dan Dukungan Pariwisata

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan dari sudut pandang penduduk lokal atas kesenjangan penelitian, yaitu bagaimana persepsi risiko mempengaruhi kerangka konsep dari Social Exchange Theory (SET) (persepsi manfaat, persepsi biaya, dan dukungan penduduk lokal terhadap pariwisata). Pulau Sabang atau Kota Sabang Provinsi Aceh dipilih sebagai lokasi penelitian. 300 orang sampel diambil dengan pendekatan accidental sampling Metode analisis data menggunakan pendekatan teknik PLS (SEM). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan secara langsung persepsi risiko dari penduduk lokal berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap dukungan pariwisata dan persepsi manfaat, sementara terhadap persepsi biaya berpengaruh positif signifikan. Persepsi manfaat berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap dukungan pariwisata. Sementara persepsi biaya secara negative tidak signifikan dalam mempengaruhi dukungan pariwisata. Dilihat dari peran mediasi, persepsi manfaat signifikan dalam memediasi pengaruh persepsi risiko dari penduduk lokal terhadap dukungan pariwisata secara negative.

 

References

Adam, I. (2015), “Backpackers’ risk perceptions and risk reduction strategies in Ghanaâ€, Tourism Management, Vol. 49, pp. 99-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.02.016

Aleshinloye, D.K., Woosnam, M.K., Erul, E., Suess, C., Kong, I., & Boley, B.B, (2021): “Which construct is better at explaining residents’ involvement in tourism; emotional solidarity or empowerment?â€, Current Issues in Tourism, 24:23, 3372-3386, DOI: 10.1080/13683500.2021.1881051

Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., & Vogt, C. A. (2005). Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1056–1076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2005.03.001

Ap, J. (1992). “Residents’ perceptions on tourism impactsâ€. Annals of Tourism Research, 19(4), 665–690. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/0160-7383(92)90060-3

Arbulú, I., Razumova, M., & Maquieira, R.J. (2021), “Francesc Sastre,Can domestic tourism relieve the COVID-19 tourist industry crisis? The case of Spainâ€, Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, Vol 20 ,100568, ISSN 2212-571X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100568.

Armutlu, M.E., Bakir, A.C., Sönmez, H., Zorer, E., & Alvarez, M.D. (2020): Factors affecting intended hospitable behaviour to tourists : hosting Chinese tourists in a post-Covid-19 world, Anatolia, DOI: 10.1080/13032917.2020.1855595

Bae, S.Y., & Po, J.C. (2020): The effect of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) risk perception on behavioural intention towards ‘untact’ tourism in South Korea during the first wave of the pandemic (March 2020), Current Issues in Tourism, DOI: 10.1080/13683500.2020.1798895

Bauer, R. A. (1960). Consumer behavior as risk taking. In R. S. Hancock (Ed.) Dynamic marketing for a changing world (pp. 389–398). Chicago, IL: American Marketing Association.

Bhat, A.A., Majumdar, K., & Mishra, K.R (2020) “Local support for tourism development and its determinants: an empirical study of Kashmir regionâ€, Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 25:11, 1232-1249, DOI: 10.1080/10941665.2020.1837890

Brouder, P., Teoh, S., Salazar, N. B., Mostafanezhad, M., Pung, J. M., Lapointe, D., Higgins-Desbiolles, F., Haywood, M., Hall, C. M., & Balslev, H. (2020). Reflections and discussions: tourism matters in the new normal post COVID-19. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 735-746. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1770325

Carmona, R.F.J., Julia Margarita Núñez-Tabales, J.M.N., Román, J.L.D., & Fernández, J.I.P. (2022) Open the doors to tourism or remain cautious: residents’ dilemma amidst a pandemic, Current Issues in Tourism, DOI: 10.1080/13683500.2022.2047162

Chang, K.C. (2021) “The affecting tourism development attitudes based on the social exchange theory and the social network theoryâ€. Asia Pac. J. Tour, 26, 167–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1540438

Cró, S., & Martins, A. (2017). Structural breaks in international tourism demand: Are they caused by crises or disasters?.Tourism Management. 63. 3-9. 10.1016/j.tourman.2017.05.009

Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874 900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602

Dolnicar, S. (2005). Understanding barriers to leisure travel: Tourist fears as a marketing basis. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 11(3), 197–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766705055706

Dowling, G. R., & Staelin, R. (1994). A model of perceived risk and intended risk handling activity. Journal of Consumer Research, 21(1), 119–134. https://doi.org/ 10.1086/209386

Gössling S., Scott, D., & Hall, C. M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism, and global change: A rapid assessment of Covid-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1758708

Gursoy, D., Rutherford, D.G. (2004) Host attitudes toward tourism. Ann. Tour. Res, 31, 3, 495–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.08.008

Gursoy, D., Chi, C. G., & Dyer, P. (2010). Locals’ Attitudes toward Mass and Alternative Tourism: The Case of Sunshine Coast, Australia. Journal of Travel Research, 49 (3), 381–394.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287509346853

Hair J, F, Jr., Hult, G, T, M., Ringle, C, M., Sarstedt, M. (2014), "A Primer On Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM)", Sage Publication, Los Angeles.

Hasan, K.Md., Ismail, R.A & Islam, F.M.D, (2017) Tourist risk perceptions and revisit intention: A critical review of literature, Cogent Business & Management, 4:1, 1412874 https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2017.1412874

Hateftabar, F., Chapuis, J.M. (2020) How resident perception of economic crisis influences their perception of tourism. J. Hosp. Tour. Manag. 43, 157–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.02.009

Joo, D., Xu, W., Lee, J., Lee, C.K., Woosnam, M.K. (2021) Residents’ perceived risk, emotional solidarity, and support for tourism amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, Journal of Destination Marketing & Management,Volume 19, 100553, ISSN 2212 571X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100553.

Jurowski, C.; & Gursoy, D. (2004) Distance Effects on Residents’ Attitudes Toward Tourism. Ann. Tour, 31, 296–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.005

Kamata, H. (2021). Tourist destination residents’ attitudes towards tourism during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Issues in Tourism, https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1881452

Kock, N. (2021). WarpPLS User Manual: Version 7.0. Laredo, TX: ScriptWarp Systems.

Lew, A. A., Cheer, J. M., Haywood, M., Brouder, P., & Salazar, N. B. (2020). Visions of travel and tourism after the global COVID-19 transformation of 2020. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 455–466. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1770326

Liu, B., Schroeder, A., Pennington-Gray, L. and Farajat, S.A.D, (2016), “Source market perceptions: how risky is Jordan to travel to?â€, Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, Vol. 5 No. 4, pp. 294-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.08.005

Li, P.X., & Wan, P.K.Y, (2016): Residents’ support for festivals: integration of emotional solidarity, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25:4, 517-535, DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2016.1224889

Li, Z., Zhang, S., Liu, X., Kozak, M., & Wen, J. (2020). Seeing the invisible hand: Underlying effects of COVID-19 on tourists’ behavioral patterns, Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, Volume 18, ISSN 2212-571X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100502

Martín, S.H., Sánchez, S.D.G.MM., & Herrero, A. (2017): Residents attitudes and behavioural support for tourism in host communities, Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35:2, 231-243, DOI: 10.1080/10548408.2017.1357518

Munandar, M., Chalirafi, C., Bachri, N., Fuadi, F., & Syauki, M. (2021). Risk Perception And Intention Of Touring To The City Of Sabang In The Time Of The Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS), 1 (2), 295–306. https://doi.org/10.54443/ijebas.v1i2.81

Molm, L. D., Takahashi, N., & Peterson, G. (2000). Risk and Trust in Social Exchange: An Experimental Test of a Classical Proposition. American Journal of Sociology, 105 (5), 1396 – 1427.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/3003770

Morrison, A.M. (2019) Marketing and Managing Tourism Destinations, 2nd ed.; Routledge: New York, NY, USA.

Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., Agha, M., Agha, R (2020) The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): A review, International Journal of Surgery, Vol 78, Pages 185-193, ISSN 1743-9191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.018.

Nugroho, P., & Numata, S. (2020a): Resident support of communitybased tourism development: Evidence from Gunung Ciremai National Park, Indonesia, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2020.1755675

Nugroho, P., & Numata, S. (2020b): Influence of Sociodemographic Characteristics on the Support of an Emerging Community-based Tourism Destination in Gunung Ciremai National Park, Indonesia, Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 41:1, 51-76, DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2020.1841007

Nunkoo, R., & Ramkissoon, H. (2011) Developing a community support model for tourism. Ann. Tour, 38, 964–988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.01.017

Nunkoo, R., Gursoy, D. (2012) Residents support for tourism: An identity perspective. Ann. Tour, 39, 243–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.05.006

Nunkoo, R. (2016) Toward a more comprehensive use of social exchange theory to study residents’ attitudes to tourism. Procedia Econ. Finance, 39, 588–596 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(16)30303-3

Nunkoo, R., & So, K. K. F. (2016). Residents’ support for tourism: Testing alternative structural models. Journal of Travel Research, 55(7), 847–861. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287515592972

Orîndaru, A., Popescu, M.F., Alexoaei, A.P., Căescu, Ș.C., Florescu, M.S., & Orzan, A.O. (2021) Tourism in a Post-COVID-19 Era: Sustainable Strategies for Industry’s Recovery. Sustainability, 13(12) : 6781. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126781

Perdue, R.R., Long, T.P., & Allen, L., (1990) Resident support for tourism development, Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 17, Issue 4,Pages 586-599,ISSN 0160-7383, https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(90)90029-Q.

Phuc, N.H., & Nguyen, M.H. (2020): The importance of collaboration and emotional solidarity in residents’ support for sustainable urban tourism: case study Ho Chi Minh City, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2020.1831520

Sandra, M. S.C., Javier, L.C.R., Guzmán, M.F., & Fernando J.F.G. (2020): Impact of the perceived risk from Covid-19 onintention to travel, Current Issues in Tourism, DOI: 10.1080/13683500.2020.1829571

Sharifpour, M., Walters, G., & Ritchie, B. W. (2014). Risk perception, prior knowledge, and willingness to travel: Investigating the Australian tourist market’s risk perceptions towards the Middle East. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 20 (2), 111–123. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766713502486

Shen, K., & Yang, J. (2022). "Residents’ Support for Tourism Amidst the COVID-19 Era: An Application of Social Amplification of Risk Framework and Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Theory" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6: 3736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063736

Stylidis, D. (2017): Place Attachment, Perception of Place and Residents’ Support for Tourism Development, Tourism Planning & Development, 15:2, 188-210, DOI: 10.1080/21568316.2017.1318775

Stylidis, D., & Terzidou, M. (2014). Tourism and the economic crisis in Kavala, Greece. Annals of Tourism Research, 44, 210–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.10.004

Tilaki, M.J.M., Abooali, G., Marzbali, M.H., & Samat, N. (2021). Vendors’ attitudes and perceptions towards international tourists in the Malaysia Night Market: Does the COVID-19 Outbreak matter? Sustainability, 13(3), https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031553

UNWTO (2022) World Tourism Barometer. Vol 20, issue 1, January. https://webunwto.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/2022

Vinerean, S.; Opreana, A.; Tileag ˘a, C.; Pops,a, R.E. (2021) The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Residents’ Support for Sustainable Tourism Development. Sustainability, 13, 12541. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su132212541

Woosnam, K. M., Russell, Z., Ribeiro, M. A., Denley, T. J., Rojas, C., Hadjidakis, E., Barr, J., & Mower, J. (2021). Residents’ pro-tourism behaviour in a time of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 1-20., DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2021.1985128

Yu, C.-P., Cole, S. T., & Chancellor, C. (2018). Resident Support for Tourism Development in Rural Midwestern (USA) Communities: Perceived Tourism Impacts and Community Quality of Life Perspective. Sustainability, 10(3), 802. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030802

Zenker, S., & Kock, F. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic – A critical discussion of a tourism research agenda. Tourism Management. 81. 104164. 10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104164

Downloads

Published

2023-04-29

Issue

Section

Articles